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The analysis and decision making on design, behavior and use of a prototype electric vehicle is the main focus has been pursued in this paper. It was modeled a prototype electric vehicle, called Gorila EV, as from the software tool Adams/Car. The dimensional parameters needed to create the model were obtained by measurements, calculations and approximations. Subsequently, it was determined a route to be travelled by the vehicle and proceeded to simulation of the vehicle on that route. Different modifications in the model were performed to compare their results with the original model through simulation in Adams/Car. These changes ranged from a simple change in the mass of the chassis until a change in the type of vehicle traction. After made the changes and simulations, it carried out the analysis of the most remarkable results. These results were studied subsystem by subsystem, beginning with the wheels, to suspensions and engine until vehicle chassis.

Vehicle simulation software was used to analyze different types of vehicle configurations and power component sizing in different settings. This paper will show a method to obtain the optimal ratio, from the point of view of energy efficiency, between primary and auxiliary energy systems output power, depending on the driving cycle. First, the evolution from the conventional vehicle to the fuel cell one was justified, considering intermediate configurations such as conventional engine hybrid and pure electric vehicle. After simulating all these configurations, the fuel cell option was chosen as the optimal one. In the next stage, fuel cell vehicles using different auxiliary energy systems were also analyzed and, finally, the use of Li-ion battery as a secondary energy system was found the most energy efficient configuration. This vehicle configuration was simulated in settings ranging from urban to suburban.

Nowadays, LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) represents a feasible and profitable alternative to diesel as a viable fuel due to important reductions in emissions and consumption, as well as for decreasing our dependence on oil. Currently, the efforts to obtain lower emission levels in internal combustion engines are mainly focused on the improvement of catalyst technologies. Nevertheless, a significant reduction in emissions and consumption in heavy-duty vehicles could be achieved by means of the adjustment of the vehicle components (engines and fuel systems) to the specific task for which they were designed. In this way, both the engines and the fuel systems may be optimized for both the consumption and the emissions by means of several factors: an exhaustive study of the cycles to be performed, the vehicle weight, the speed and necessary accelerations in the vehicles, as well as the use of simulation tools.

The objectives of this paper are to show the design and definition of a clean electric fuel cell prototype bus for urban transportation to operate in regular service in a local urban bus line, the hydrogen refuelling station to feed these clean buses and the environmental impact at the city of Zaragoza (Spain) due to this implementation. The source of the power is given by a fuel cell, different to the traditional diesel motorizations. Clean technologies are defined as those from production to the end of its usable life, passing by its use phase period and therefore including the recycling of parts and recovering of residues that does not affect the environment.

The objective of this paper is to show the design and definition of a clean electric bus prototype for the urban transportation in the city of Zaragoza (Spain). For this aim we have used, as general initial data, the bodywork of the HABIT City Class from the bus maker company HISPANO and a double energy source (fuel cell as a primary energy source and flywheels as auxiliary one) which feeds two permanent magnet synchronous electric motors inserted and directly coupled with the rear wheels (hub electric motors). We have selected as well all necessary components that should be included in this prototype and we have integrated them at the prototype bodywork.

The aim of this paper consists is the study of the environmental impact of prototypes of electric buses in the urban transportation. The source of the power is given by a fuel cell, which produces electricity by using hydrogen as primary fuel, and implies the introduction of the most advanced clean technologies different to the traditional diesel motorizations. Clean technologies are defined as those that from production to the end of its usable life, passing by its use phase period and therefore including the recycling of parts and recovering of residues do not affect the environment.