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Short circuit incidents on traction motors can cause ‘wheel-locking’ on the vehicle, and may have an adverse impact on vehicle stability. This paper investigates the necessity of fault-tolerant motors for EV and HEV traction applications. Reaction of resulting fault torques differ along with electric motor types and fault variety. The paper analyzes the short-circuit behavior of three basic motor types: permanent magnet, induction and switched reluctance motor. The analysis is based on the transient simulation of the three most common inverter short-circuit cases and their effect on vehicle stability.

The recent growing interest in electric vehicle (EV) and hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) demands for an efficient, reliable and economical motor drive for electric propulsion. However, searching for a suitable traction motor becomes quite involved when vehicle dynamics and system architecture are considered. This paper makes an in-depth investigation on two highly important traction motor characteristics, extended speed range-ability and energy efficiency, from vehicular system perspective. The influences of these two motor drive features on a pure EV, a post-transmission, and two pre-transmission parallel HEV with 20% and 50% hybridization are studied in this paper. Two EV-HEV software packages ‘V-ELPH’ developed by Texas A&M University and ‘ADVISOR’ from NREL are used for simulation purposes. Based on the results in this paper, a systematic method is developed regarding the selection of traction drives for EV and HEV propulsion systems.

Vehicle dynamics requires extended-speed, constant-power operation from the propulsion system in order to meet the vehicle's operating constraints (e.g., initial acceleration and gradeability) with minimum power. Decrease in power rating will decrease the volume of the energy storage system. However, extending the constant power operating range of the electric drives increases its rated torque, thereby, increasing motor volume and weight. This paper investigates the effect of extended constant power operation on battery driven electric vehicle (BEV) propulsion system taking the change in motor weight and battery volume into account. Five BEV systems with five traction drive having different base speeds are simulated for this study. The performances of the BEVs are obtained using FUDS and HWYFET drive cycles. Two EV-HEV software packages ‘V-ELPH’ developed by Texas A&M University and ‘ADVISOR’ from NREL are used for simulation testing.

Two parallel HEV control concepts: ‘thermostat’ and ‘power split’ are compared in this paper. To achieve a substantial improvement in fuel economy, the ‘thermostat’ or ‘on/off’ control technique intended to improve the fuel efficiency of a series HEV has been adopted and designed for parallel HEV. Among different ‘power split’ concepts developed for parallel hybrids only the ‘electrically assist’ algorithm is considered in this paper. These two control concepts are compared for three parallel HEV architectures: pre-transmission, post-transmission and continuous variable transmission hybrids. The comparison study also includes the effect of hybridization factor-the ratio of the electric power to the total propulsion power. The matrices of comparison are level of performance, energy consumption and exhaust emissions. The SAE J1711 partial charge test procedure is followed.