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The emission standards compliance is really becoming effective generally for all the class of engines and particularly for two-stroke SI. While for larger capacity and more valuable applications, such as scooters, snowmobiles, marine engines, the state of the art appears consolidated with the use of direct fuel injection systems, the engines dedicated to very light and simple applications need a different approach in terms of simplicity and cost. Aiming in this direction a system including a self - sustained air injection system in the exhaust and oxidation catalysts was prepared. The influence of the main design parameters governing the system performances and their mathematical relationships were experimentally studied with the aid of a DOE (Design of Experiment) technique methodology.

The future urban mobility strategies, especially in cities with high population density, include the individual transportation means as one of the main components to contribute to the solution of the two fundamental problems, namely the traffic concentration and the individual satisfaction. Following the consolidated trend, the 2000's vehicles shall be characterized by extremely reduced environmental impact in terms of pollutant emissions, noise, fuel consumption (low carbon dioxide production). In this sense the two-wheelers appear the most favorable candidate provided that a suitable propulsive unit is available. The present work describes the development of a propulsive unit characterized by a direct injected two-stroke engine with FAST technology, an electronic engine management system and a very efficient CVT transmission.

"In the design of new CI engines, it is of paramount importance to reduce the pollutants and fuel consumption," writes author Marco Nuti. In this, the first book devoted entirely to exhaust emissions from two-stroke engines, Nuti examines the technical design issues that will determine how long the two-stroke engine survives into the twenty-first century. Dr. Nuti, director of Technical Innovation at Piaggio, thoroughly explores pollutant formation and control from unburned hydrocarbon emissions, carbon monoxide emissions, catalytic aftertreatment, and secondary air addition.