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An innovative Emulsification Engine Feeding System (EEFS) has been developed in the Roma Tre University Fluid Machinery Lab. It is based on an emulsification loop, where fuel and water are fed in real time with the emulsion injection. Thus no chemicals are used to stabilize water in diesel fuel or ethanol in diesel fuel emulsions. The system assures the emulsion stability levels sufficient for the emulsion to be injected inside the engine. Tests carried out on the EEFS, developed for a 6 cylinder, four stroke, 12.88 liter, 382 kW diesel engine, have shown the good quality of the emulsion in terms of water droplet diameters and volumetric mixing ratio, at the various off line tests over emulsion flow rates varying about 2.5 l/h to 150 l/h representative of the idle (2 l/h of fuel) to full load (130 l/h of fuel) conditions with the engine rpm ranging from 500 to 2300.

The paper deals with the development of a system to feed water (or ethanol) in fuel oil emulsions into internal combustion diesel engines. Such a system can be installed on board of the engine itself, the two compounds (fuel and dispersed phase) being stored into two separate tanks. A description of the emulsification system sections is given. The main relevant and innovative components are also described. Tests on a scaled down model are presented and results deeply analyzed. On the basis of such results a prototype for a 382 kW, 2800 rpm, six cylinder diesel engine has been built and tested. Results show the capabilities of such an Emulsion Engine Feeding System (EEFS) to have downstream of the injector spray drops where the dispersed phase droplets are uniformly distributed with diameters less than 1μm for a wide range of operating conditions.