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Journal Article

Demonstration of the Ability of a Novel Engine Oil to Remove Hydrocarbon Deposits in Two-Stroke Engines

2010-09-28
2010-32-0122
In a two-stroke engine, carbon is a natural by-product of incomplete combustion. Fuel and oil quality vary leading to various degrees of carbon deposit build up on critical engine parts over time. If the carbon deposits are left on engine components and allowed to accumulate, it can lead to reduced horsepower, reduced fuel economy, increased emissions, and in the worst case the deposits can cause engine damage. A novel two-stroke engine oil was developed specifically to remove these deposits, restore the operating efficiency, and potentially lengthen the useful life of the two-stroke engine. In order to prove the restorative ability of this novel technology, dynamometer tests and field trials were conducted. In the dynamometer portion, the oil was tested in two of the standard TC-W3® certification tests for marine engine oils. The first was the OMC 40HP and the second was the OMC 70HP test.
Technical Paper

Why Some Passenger Car Motor Oils Are No Longer Suitable for Motorcycles: Gear Pitting Issues

2005-10-12
2005-32-0088
The new American Petroleum Institute (API) categories for passenger car motor oils have focused on improving fuel economy and reducing emissions. This has resulted in more fuel efficient oils being developed by lowering the viscometrics and by adding friction modifiers. The emissions reductions have resulted from lowering the percent phosphorus (%P) in the engine oils because phosphorus has been found to poison the catalyst in the catalytic converter. When friction modifiers were introduced, researchers from four Japanese motorcycle manufacturers published the results of their studies (SAE 961217) which indicated that low friction oil can cause too much slippage in starter motor clutches, one-way limited slip clutches, and wet multi-plate clutches. In that same study they reported that engine manufacturers use 10W-30 grade oil to develop new engine technology, and gear pitting was observed with oils of viscosity grades lower than 10W-30 in all four manufacturers' motorcycle engines.
Technical Paper

New Power Valve Additive Technology Suitable for Two-Stroke Engines Containing Power Valves or Exhaust Port Modifiers

2005-10-12
2005-32-0096
Exhaust port timing control devices or power valves were introduced into a two-stroke engine in response to the customer's desire for more power. This was the most cost-effective way for manufacturers to increase power over the entire rpm range without significantly modifying their original engine designs, thus ensuring that the excellent power-to-weight ratio characteristics intrinsic to the two-stroke engine were maintained. Varieties of different systems exist to control and operate these exhaust port modifiers. Some of the more sophisticated electronic systems incorporate auto-cleaning cycles at start-up, which help eliminate power valve sticking due to carbon build-up. The more economically designed systems, however, do not. As a result, the valves are more susceptible to deposits, which can reduce their functionality and significantly impact engine performance. Very heavy deposit formation can ultimately stick the valves and make them inoperable.
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